From 947817dac98017324e589b801da1f17fbd4b2684 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Josh Gao Date: Thu, 1 Jun 2023 14:45:05 +0800 Subject: [PATCH] new post, oxford-5000-bound --- _config.yml | 6 +- source/_posts/2023-04-08-oxford-5000-pitch.md | 4 - .../_posts/2023-05-25-oxford-5000-resort.md | 60 ++-- source/_posts/2023-06-01-oxford-5000-bound.md | 334 ++++++++++++++++++ 4 files changed, 367 insertions(+), 37 deletions(-) create mode 100644 source/_posts/2023-06-01-oxford-5000-bound.md diff --git a/_config.yml b/_config.yml index 3dd107e..4fe1d60 100644 --- a/_config.yml +++ b/_config.yml @@ -110,9 +110,9 @@ deploy: - type: git repo: josh@101.43.227.73:/home/josh/documents/josh-blog-deploy.git branch: master - - type: git - repo: josh@172.245.154.153:/home/josh/documents/josh-blog-deploy.git - branch: master + # - type: git + # repo: josh@172.245.154.153:/home/josh/documents/josh-blog-deploy.git + # branch: master - type: git repo: git@e.coding.net:josh-gao/josh-blog/josh-blog.git branch: master diff --git a/source/_posts/2023-04-08-oxford-5000-pitch.md b/source/_posts/2023-04-08-oxford-5000-pitch.md index f4890fb..03ed267 100644 --- a/source/_posts/2023-04-08-oxford-5000-pitch.md +++ b/source/_posts/2023-04-08-oxford-5000-pitch.md @@ -312,22 +312,18 @@ date: 2023-04-08 00:04:11 ### Verb Forms - present simple I / you / we / they **pitch** - - BrE: /pɪtʃ/ - NAmE: /pɪtʃ/ - he / she / it **pitches** - - BrE: /ˈpɪtʃɪz/ - NAmE: /ˈpɪtʃɪz/ - past simple **pitched** - - BrE: /pɪtʃt/ - NAmE: /pɪtʃt/ - past participle **pitched** - - BrE: /pɪtʃt/ - NAmE: /pɪtʃt/ diff --git a/source/_posts/2023-05-25-oxford-5000-resort.md b/source/_posts/2023-05-25-oxford-5000-resort.md index ba9bdb3..9cf4bc6 100644 --- a/source/_posts/2023-05-25-oxford-5000-resort.md +++ b/source/_posts/2023-05-25-oxford-5000-resort.md @@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ date: 2023-05-25 23:10:01 - BrE: /rɪˈzɔːt/ - NAmE: /rɪˈzɔːrt/ -### Explanation +## Explanation 1. **{% label @B2 %}** \[countable\] a place where a lot of people go on holiday 旅游胜地；度假胜地 @@ -48,45 +48,45 @@ date: 2023-05-25 23:10:01 - **Holidays/​vacations 假期** - **have/​take** *(British English)* a holiday/*(North American English)* a vacation/​a break/​a day off/*(British English)* a gap year 休假；短期休假；休一天假；休空缺年假 - - **go on/​be on** holiday/​vacation/​leave/​honeymoon/​safari/​a trip/​a tour/​a cruise/​a pilgrimage 去／在度假／休假／度蜜月／游猎／旅游／观光／乘船游览／朝圣 - - **go** backpacking/​camping/​hitchhiking/​sightseeing 去背包旅行／露营／搭顺风车旅行／观光游览 - - **plan** a trip/​a holiday/​a vacation/​your itinerary 计划旅行／假期／行程 - - **book** accommodation/​a hotel room/​a flight/​tickets 预订住宿／酒店房间／航班／票 + - **go on/​be on** holiday/​vacation/​leave/​honeymoon/​safari/​a trip/​a tour/​a cruise/​a pilgrimage 去/在度假/休假/度蜜月/游猎/旅游/观光/乘船游览/朝圣 + - **go** backpacking/​camping/​hitchhiking/​sightseeing 去背包旅行/露营/搭顺风车旅行/观光游览 + - **plan** a trip/​a holiday/​a vacation/​your itinerary 计划旅行/假期/行程 + - **book** accommodation/​a hotel room/​a flight/​tickets 预订住宿/酒店房间/航班/票 - **have/​make/​cancel** a reservation/(*especially British English)* booking 预订；取消预订 - - **rent** a villa/*(both British English)* a holiday home/​a holiday cottage 租一座度假别墅／一个度假住所／一座度假小别墅 - - *(especially British English)* **hire/** *(especially North American English)* **rent** a car/​bicycle/​moped 租借一辆汽车／自行车／摩托自行车 - - **stay in** a hotel/​a bed and breakfast/​a youth hostel/​a villa/*(both British English)* a holiday home/​a caravan 住在酒店／提供住宿和早餐的旅馆／青年旅舍／度假别墅／度假住所／旅行拖车里 - - **cost/​charge $100 a/​per night for** a single/​double/​twin/​standard/*(British English)* en suite room 单人房／双人房／标间／套房一晚花费／要价 100 美元 - - **check into/​out of** a hotel/​a motel/​your room 入住／结账离开酒店／汽车旅馆／房间 - - **pack/​unpack** your suitcase/​bags 把东西装进手提箱／旅行包；取出手提箱／旅行包里的东西 - - **call/​order** room service 打电话叫／叫客房服务 - - **cancel/​cut short** a trip/​holiday/​vacation 取消／缩短旅程／假期 + - **rent** a villa/*(both British English)* a holiday home/​a holiday cottage 租一座度假别墅/一个度假住所/一座度假小别墅 + - *(especially British English)* **hire/** *(especially North American English)* **rent** a car/​bicycle/​moped 租借一辆汽车/自行车/摩托自行车 + - **stay in** a hotel/​a bed and breakfast/​a youth hostel/​a villa/*(both British English)* a holiday home/​a caravan 住在酒店/提供住宿和早餐的旅馆/青年旅舍/度假别墅/度假住所/旅行拖车里 + - **cost/​charge $100 a/​per night for** a single/​double/​twin/​standard/*(British English)* en suite room 单人房/双人房/标间/套房一晚花费/要价 100 美元 + - **check into/​out of** a hotel/​a motel/​your room 入住/结账离开酒店/汽车旅馆/房间 + - **pack/​unpack** your suitcase/​bags 把东西装进手提箱/旅行包；取出手提箱/旅行包里的东西 + - **call/​order** room service 打电话叫/叫客房服务 + - **cancel/​cut short** a trip/​holiday/​vacation 取消/缩短旅程/假期 - **Foreign travel 出国旅行** - - **apply for/​get/​renew** a/​your passport 申请／拿到／续签护照 - - **take out/​buy/​get** travel insurance 获得／购买／取得旅游保险 - - **catch/​miss** your plane/​train/​ferry/​connecting flight 赶上／错过飞机／火车／渡船／转乘航班 - - **fly (in)/travel in** business/​economy class 乘坐商务／经济舱飞行／旅行 - - **make/​have** a brief/​two-day/​twelve-hour stopover/*(North American English also)* layover in Hong Kong 在香港作短暂的／两天的／十二小时的中途停留 - - **experience/​cause/​lead** to delays 遇上／引起／导致延误 - - **check (in)/collect/​get/​lose** (your) *(especially British English)* luggage/*(especially North American English)* baggage 托运／取／弄丢行李 - - **be charged for/​pay** excess baggage 被收取／支付超重行李费 - - **board/​get on/​leave/​get off** the aircraft/​plane/​ship/​ferry 上／下飞机／船／渡船 - - **taxi down/​leave/​approach/​hit/​overshoot** the runway 在跑道上滑行；离开／接近／降落在／冲出跑道 + - **apply for/​get/​renew** a/​your passport 申请/拿到/续签护照 + - **take out/​buy/​get** travel insurance 获得/购买/取得旅游保险 + - **catch/​miss** your plane/​train/​ferry/​connecting flight 赶上/错过飞机/火车/渡船/转乘航班 + - **fly (in)/travel in** business/​economy class 乘坐商务/经济舱飞行/旅行 + - **make/​have** a brief/​two-day/​twelve-hour stopover/*(North American English also)* layover in Hong Kong 在香港作短暂的/两天的/十二小时的中途停留 + - **experience/​cause/​lead** to delays 遇上/引起/导致延误 + - **check (in)/collect/​get/​lose** (your) *(especially British English)* luggage/*(especially North American English)* baggage 托运/取/弄丢行李 + - **be charged for/​pay** excess baggage 被收取/支付超重行李费 + - **board/​get on/​leave/​get off** the aircraft/​plane/​ship/​ferry 上/下飞机/船/渡船 + - **taxi down/​leave/​approach/​hit/​overshoot** the runway 在跑道上滑行；离开/接近/降落在/冲出跑道 - **experience/​hit/​encounter** severe turbulence 遇到强烈的气流 - - **suffer from/​recover from/​get over** your jet lag/​travel sickness 遭受时差反应／晕车；从时差反应／晕车恢复过来；克服时差反应／晕车 + - **suffer from/​recover from/​get over** your jet lag/​travel sickness 遭受时差反应/晕车；从时差反应/晕车恢复过来；克服时差反应/晕车 - **The tourist industry 旅游业** - **attract/​draw/​bring** tourists/​visitors 吸引游客 - - **encourage/​promote/​hurt** tourism 鼓励／促进／损害旅游业 - - **promote/​develop** ecotourism 促进／发展生态旅游 - - **build/​develop/​visit** a tourist/​holiday/*(especially British English)* seaside/​beach/​ski resort 建立／开发／参观旅游／假日／海滨／海滩／滑雪胜地 + - **encourage/​promote/​hurt** tourism 鼓励/促进/损害旅游业 + - **promote/​develop** ecotourism 促进/发展生态旅游 + - **build/​develop/​visit** a tourist/​holiday/*(especially British English)* seaside/​beach/​ski resort 建立/开发/参观旅游/假日/海滨/海滩/滑雪胜地 - **work for/​be operated by** a major hotel chain 就职于一家大型连锁酒店；由一家大型连锁酒店经营 - **be served by/​compete with** low-cost/*(especially North American English)* low-fare/​budget airlines 由廉价航空公司提供服务；与廉价航空公司竞争 - **book something through/​make a booking through/​use** a travel agent 通过旅行社预订；经旅行社代办 - **contact/​check with** your travel agent/​tour operator 联系旅行社；向旅行社咨询 - - **book/​be on/​go on** a package deal/​holiday/​tour 预订／进行／去包价旅游 - - **buy/​bring back** (tacky/​overpriced) souvenirs 购买／带回（低劣的／定价过高的）纪念品 + - **book/​be on/​go on** a package deal/​holiday/​tour 预订/进行/去包价旅游 + - **buy/​bring back** (tacky/​overpriced) souvenirs 购买/带回（低劣的/定价过高的）纪念品 {% endnote %} @@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ date: 2023-05-25 23:10:01 - *Strike action should be regarded as a last resort, when all attempts to negotiate have failed.* 罢工应该是最后一着，在所有的谈判努力都告失败时才使用。 - *In the last resort (= in the end) everyone must decide for themselves.* 最后人人都得自己作决定。 -### Word Origin +## Word Origin late Middle English (denoting something one can turn to for assistance): from Old French *resortir*, from *re-* ‘again’ + *sortir* ‘come or go out’. The sense ‘place frequently visited’ dates from the mid 18th cent. diff --git a/source/_posts/2023-06-01-oxford-5000-bound.md b/source/_posts/2023-06-01-oxford-5000-bound.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b60cf19 --- /dev/null +++ b/source/_posts/2023-06-01-oxford-5000-bound.md @@ -0,0 +1,334 @@ +--- +title: bound +mathjax: false +comments: true +copyright: true +toc: + enable: true + number: false + wrap: true + expand_all: true + max_depth: 3 +tags: + - 牛津5000 + - 英语词汇 +categories: + - 英语学习 +abbrlink: a50e7db6 +date: 2023-06-01 10:54:03 +--- + +# Adjective + +**see also [bind][]** + +## Pronunciation + +- BrE: /baʊnd/ +- NAmE: /baʊnd/ + +## Explanation + +\[not before noun\] + +1. **{% label @B2 %}** **bound to do/be something** certain or likely to happen, or to do or be something一定会；很可能会 + + - *There are bound to be changes when the new system is introduced.* 引进新系统后一定会发生变化。 + - *It's bound to be sunny again tomorrow.* 明天肯定又是阳光灿烂。 + - *You've done so much work—you're bound to pass the exam.* 你下了这么大功夫，考试准能及格。 + - *It was bound to happen sooner or later* (= we should have expected it). 这事迟早都是要发生的。 + - *These problems were almost bound to arise.* 这些问题几乎注定了会出现。 + - *You're bound to be nervous the first time* (= it's easy to understand). 第一次总是会紧张的。 + + + + {% note primary Synonyms **certain**%} + + bound | sure | definite | guaranteed + + These are all words describing something that will definitely happen or is definitely true. + + - **certain** that you can rely on to happen or be true: + - *It’s certain that they will agree.* 他们肯定会同意。 + - *They are certain to agree.* 他们肯定会同意。 + + - **bound** \[not before noun\] certain to happen, or to do or be something. 指肯定会、一定会 + > Bound is **only used in the phrase** *bound to do/​be, etc.*: + > + > - *You’ve done so much work—you’re bound to pass the exam.* + > - *There are bound to be changes when the new system is introduced.* + + - **sure** certain to happen or be true; that can be trusted or relied on: + - *She’s sure to be picked for the team.* 她肯定会入选该队。 + - *It’s sure to rain.* 必定会下雨。 + + - **definite** (*rather informal*) certain to happen; that is not going to change:指必将发生、不会改变： + - *Is it definite that he’s leaving?* 他肯定要离开吗？ + + - **strike** (*formal*) to hit somebody/​something hard: 指猛烈地撞、碰、撞击、碰撞： + - *The ship struck a rock.* 船触礁了。 + + - **guaranteed** certain to have a particular result: + - *That kind of behaviour is guaranteed to make him angry.* 那样的行为肯定会让他生气。 + + - Patterns + - certain/​sure **of** something + - certain/​bound/​sure/​guaranteed **to do something** + - certain/​definite **that…** + - I **couldn’t say for** certain/​sure/​definite. + + {% endnote %} + + **Topics** [Doubt, guessing and certainty B2][] **{% label @B2 %}** + + {% note primary Oxford Collocations Dictionary %} + + - **verbs** + - be + - seem + - **adverb** + - almost + + {% endnote %} + +2. **{% label @C1 %}** forced to do something by law, duty or a particular situation 受（法律、义务或情况）约束（必须做某事）；有义务（做某事） + + - **bound by something** *We are not bound by the decision.* 我们不受该决定的约束。 + - *You are bound by the contract to pay before the end of the month.* 按照合同规定，你必须在月底前付款。 + - **bound (by something) to do something** (*formal*) *I am **bound to say** I disagree with you on this point.* 我觉得有必要指出，在这一点上我不同意你的观点。 + - *They are legally bound to appear in court.* 他们依法必须出庭。 + + {% note primary Extra Examples %} + + - *He was legally bound to report them to the authorities.* 他有法律义务将这些报告给当局。 + - *Officials are bound by law to investigate any possible fraud.* 法律规定官员有义务调查任何可能的欺诈行为。 + - *The country will not **be held bound** by a treaty signed by the previous regime.* 国家不会为前政权签署的条约所束缚。 + - *The president said the country could not be held bound by a treaty signed by the previous regime.* 总统说，国家不应为前政权签署的条约所束缚。 + - *We are legally bound by this decision.* 我们在法律上受这一决定的束缚。 + + {% endnote %} + + {% note primary Oxford Collocations Dictionary %} + + - **verbs** + - be + - feel + - become + - … + - **adverb** + - absolutely + - irrevocably + - by law + - … + - **preposition** + - by + + {% endnote %} + +3. (in compounds) prevented from going somewhere or from working normally by the conditions mentioned 因…受阻（或不能正常工作） + + - *Strike-bound travellers face long delays.* 因罢工滞留的旅客要耽搁很长时间。 + - *fogbound airports* 因雾不能正常作业的机场 + + {% note primary Oxford Collocations Dictionary %} + + - **verbs** + - be + - **adverb** + - homeward + - outward + - **preposition** + - for + + {% endnote %} + +4. (also in compounds) travelling, or ready to travel, in a particular direction or to a particular place 正旅行去（某地）；准备前往（某地） + + - *homeward bound* (= going home) 在回家途中 + - *Paris-bound* 前往巴黎的 + - ***northbound/southbound/eastbound/westbound*** 向北／向南／向东／向西行进的 + - **bound for…** *a plane bound for Dublin* 开往都柏林的飞机 + - *tourists who are bound for Europe* 前往欧洲的游客 + - *college-bound high school students* 上大学的高中生 + + {% note primary Oxford Collocations Dictionary %} + + - **verbs** + - be + - **adverb** + - homeward + - outward + - **preposition** + - for + + {% endnote %} + +## Word Origin + +*adjective* sense 4 Middle English *boun* (in the sense ‘ready, dressed’), from Old Norse *búinn*, past participle of *búa* ‘get ready’; the final *-d* is euphonic, or influenced by other adjective senses of **bound**. + +## Idioms + +1. **be bound together by/in something** + + to be closely connected 因…（或在…方面）密切联系 + + - *communities bound together by customs and traditions* 因习俗和传统而结合在一起的社区 + +2. **be bound up in something** + + very busy with something; very interested or involved in something 忙于某事；热衷于某事 + + - *He's too bound up in his work to have much time for his children.* 他工作太忙，没有很多时间陪孩子们。 + +3. **bound and determined** + + (*North American English*) very determined to do something矢志不渝；下定决心 + + - *I came here bound and determined to put the last 12 months behind me.* 我来到这里，下定决心把过去的12个月抛在脑后。 + +4. **bound up with something** + + closely connected with something 和某事密切相关 + + - *From that moment my life became inextricably bound up with hers.* 从那一刻起，我的一生就和她结下不解之缘。 + +5. **(feel) honour-bound to do something** + + (*formal*) to feel that you must do something because of your sense of moral duty （感到）道义上应做某事 + + - *She felt honour-bound to attend as she had promised to.* 她觉得既然答应了就应该出席。 + - *He felt honour bound to help her.* 他觉得在道义上应该帮助她。 + + {% note primary **compare** duty-bound %} + + \[not before noun\] (*formal*) having to do something because it is your duty 责无旁贷；义不容辞 + + {% endnote %} + + **Topics** [Permission and obligation][] **{% label @C2 %}** + +6. **I’ll be bound** + + (*old-fashioned, British English, informal*) I feel sure我敢肯定 + + - They’re up to some mischief, I’ll be bound!我敢肯定，他们在搞恶作剧！ + + **Topics** [Doubt, guessing and certainty C2][] **{% label @C2 %}** + +# Verb + +**see also [bind][]** + +## Pronunciation + +- BrE: /baʊnd/ +- NAmE: /baʊnd/ + +## Verb Forms + +- present simple I / you / we / they bound + - BrE: /baʊnd/ + - NAmE: /baʊnd/ + +- he / she / it bounds + - BrE: /baʊndz/ + - NAmE: /baʊndz/ + +- past simple bounded + - BrE: /ˈbaʊndɪd/ + - NAmE: /ˈbaʊndɪd/ + +- past participle bounded + - BrE: /ˈbaʊndɪd/ + - NAmE: /ˈbaʊndɪd/ + +- -ing form bounding + - BrE: /ˈbaʊndɪŋ/ + - NAmE: /ˈbaʊndɪŋ/ + +## Explanation + +1. \[transitive\] **+ adv./prep.** to run with long steps, especially in an enthusiastic way 跳跃着跑 + + - *The dogs bounded ahead.* 那些狗在前面蹦蹦跳跳地跑。 + + {% note primary Extra Examples %} + + - *He bounded back to meet us.* 他跳回来迎接我们。 + - *Louis came bounding down the stairs.* 路易斯蹦蹦跳跳地下了楼 + - *The dog bounded up to him.* 那只狗向他扑来。 + - *A man bounded up to her and shook her hand.* 一个男人跳到她面前和她握手。 + - *He braked sharply as a deer bounded across the road.* 当一只鹿飞奔过马路时，他猛地刹车。 + + {% endnote %} + +2. \[transitive, usually passive\] (*formal*) to form the edge or limit of an area 形成…的边界（或界限） + + - **be bounded by something** *The field was bounded on the left by a wood.* 那片地左边依傍着一片树林。 + +## Word Origin + +*verb* sense 1 early 16th cent. (as a noun): from French *bond* (noun), *bondir* (verb) ‘resound’, later ‘rebound’, from late Latin *bombitare*, from Latin *bombus* ‘humming’. *verb* sense 2 Middle English (in the senses ‘landmark’ and ‘borderland’): from Old French *bodne*, from medieval Latin *bodina*, earlier *butina*, of unknown ultimate origin. + +# Noun + +**see also [bind][]** + +## Pronunciation + +- BrE: /baʊnd/ +- NAmE: /baʊnd/ + +## Explanation + +1. a high or long jump 蹦跳；跳跃 + + - *The dog cleared the gate in one bound.* 那狗一跳就越过了栅门。 + + {% note primary **see also** bounds %} + + - BrE: /baʊndz/ + - NAmE: /baʊndz/ + + \[plural\] + + the accepted or furthest limits of something 限制范围；极限 + + - ***beyond/outside/within the bounds of** decency* 没体统；有体统 + - *I am afraid your behaviour was beyond the bounds of decency.* 恐怕你的行为超出了体面的范围。 + - *Public spending must be kept within reasonable bounds.* 公共开支必须控制在合理的范围内。 + - *It was not **beyond the bounds of possibility** that they would meet again one day.* 他们有一天会再度相遇，这不是没有可能。 + - *His enthusiasm **knew no bounds*** (= was very great). 他有无限热情。 + + {% endnote %} + +## Word Origin + +noun early 16th cent. (as a noun): from French *bond* (noun), *bondir* (verb) ‘resound’, later ‘rebound’, from late Latin *bombitare*, from Latin *bombus* ‘humming’. + +## Idioms + +1. **by/in leaps and bounds** + + very quickly; in large amounts 非常迅速；飞跃地；突飞猛进；大量地 + + - *Her health has improved in leaps and bounds.* 她的健康已迅速好转。 + - *His technique has come on in leaps and bounds this season.* 这个赛季他的技术突飞猛进。 + +# 惯用法 + +bound 后面接不定式从前在英国作“将不得不……”解，在美国作“决意……”解，如 He is bound to come 在英国是“他将不得不来”，在美国是“他决意来”。但现在似乎在英美通常都作“一定将……”解，如 It is bound to rain 是“肯定会下雨”。 + +# Reference + +1. Diana Lea, Jennifer Bradbery. *Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary, 10th edition.* Oxford University Press, 2020. + +2. Margaret Deuter, Jennifer Bradbery, Joanna Turnbull. *牛津高阶英汉双解词典，第 9 版.* 商务印书馆, 2018. + +3. 葛传槼. *葛传槼英语惯用法词典.* 上海译文出版社, 2012. + +[bind]: https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/bind_1 +[Doubt, guessing and certainty B2]: https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/topic/doubt-guessing-and-certainty?level=b2 +[Permission and obligation]: https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/topic/permission-and-obligation?level=c2 +[Doubt, guessing and certainty C2]: https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/topic/doubt-guessing-and-certainty?level=c2