update several posts; finish strike

2023-05-24 23:53:53 +08:00
parent 0fa7790491
commit 9a4575d148
4 changed files with 274 additions and 9 deletions
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ The Oxford 3000 is the list of the 3000 most important words to learn in English

 |                                      |                                       |                                   |
 | :----------------------------------- | :------------------------------------ | :-------------------------------- |
-| a, an *indefinite article* A1        | agreement *n.* B1                     | appointment *n.* B1               |
+| [a, an][] *indefinite article* A1        | agreement *n.* B1                     | appointment *n.* B1               |
 | abandon *v.* B2                      | ah *exclam.* A2                       | appreciate *v.* B1                |
 | ability *n.* A2                      | ahead *adv.* B1                       | approach *n.*, *v.* B2            |
 | able *adj.* A2                       | aid *n.*, *v.* B2                     | appropriate *adj.* B2             |
@@ -736,7 +736,7 @@ The Oxford 3000 is the list of the 3000 most important words to learn in English
 | painful *adj.* B1                        | pin *n.*, *v.* B1                          | presentation *n.* B1             |
 | paint *v.*, *n.* A1                      | pink *adj.*, *n.* A1                       | preserve *v.* B2                 |
 | painter *n.* A2                          | pipe *n.* B1                               | president *n.* A2                |
-| painting *n.* A1                         | pitch *n.* B2                              | press *v.*, *n.* B1              |
+| painting *n.* A1                         | [pitch][] *n.* B2                              | press *v.*, *n.* B1              |
 | pair *n.* A1                             | place *n.* A1, *v.* B1                     | pressure *n.* B1                 |
 | palace *n.* A2                           | plain *adj.* B2                            | pretend *v.* B1                  |
 | pale *adj.* B1                           | plan *n.*, *v.* A1                         | pretty *adj.*, *adv.* A1         |
@@ -938,7 +938,7 @@ The Oxford 3000 is the list of the 3000 most important words to learn in English
 | sector *n.* B2                                                | slight *adj.* B2                     | stress *n.*, *v.* A2             |
 | secure *v.*, *adj.* B2                                        | slightly *adv.* B1                   | stretch *v.*, *n.* B2            |
 | security *n.* B1                                              | slip *v.* B2                         | strict *adj.* B2                 |
-| see *v.* A1                                                   | slope *n.*, *v.* B2                  | strike *v.*, *n.* B2             |
+| see *v.* A1                                                   | slope *n.*, *v.* B2                  | [strike][] *v.*, *n.* B2             |
 | seed *n.* B1                                                  | slow *adj.* A1, *v.* B1              | string *n.* B1                   |
 | seek *v.* B2                                                  | slowly *adv.* A2                     | strong *adj.* A1                 |
 | seem *v.* A2                                                  | small *adj.* A1                      | strongly *adv.* B1               |
@@ -1158,3 +1158,7 @@ The Oxford 3000 is the list of the 3000 most important words to learn in English
 |                  |              |      |
 | :--------------- | :----------- | :--- |
 | zero *number* A2 | zone *n.* B2 |      |
+
+[a, an]: https://josh-gao.top/posts/6635e93f.html
+[pitch]: https://josh-gao.top/posts/279fbed9.html
+[strike]: https://josh-gao.top/posts/dc727c0.html
@@ -7,10 +7,10 @@ comments: true
 copyright: true
 toc:
  enable: true
-  number: true
+  number: false
  wrap: true
  expand_all: true
-  max_depth: 3
+  max_depth: 4
 categories:
  - 英语学习
 abbrlink: 279fbed9
@@ -7,10 +7,10 @@ comments: true
 copyright: true
 toc:
  enable: true
-  number: true
+  number: false
  wrap: true
  expand_all: true
-  max_depth: 3
+  max_depth: 4
 categories:
  - 英语学习
 abbrlink: 6635e93f
@@ -4,10 +4,10 @@ comments: true
 copyright: true
 toc:
  enable: true
-  number: true
+  number: false
  wrap: true
  expand_all: true
-  max_depth: 3
+  max_depth: 4
 tags:
  - 牛津5000
  - 英语词汇
@@ -685,3 +685,264 @@ Old English *strīcan* ‘go, flow’ and ‘rub lightly’, of West Germanic or
  to begin a friendship, a relationship, a conversation, etc. （和某人）建立友谊，开始来往，交谈起来

  - *He would often strike up conversations with complete strangers.* 他爱和完全不相识的人攀谈。
+
+# Noun
+
+## Pronunciation
+
+- BrE: /straɪk/
+- NAmE: /straɪk/
+
+### Explanation
+
+#### {% label primary@of workers 工人 %}
+
+1. **{% label @B2 %}** a period of time when an organized group of employees of a company stops working because of an argument over pay or conditions 罢工；罢课；罢市
+
+   - *the miners'/firefighters'/teachers' strike* 矿工/消防员/教师罢工
+   - *a strike by teachers* 教师举行的罢课
+   - *a **one-day strike*** 罢工一天
+   - *an unofficial strike* 未经批准的罢工
+   - *Union leaders **called a strike**.* 工会领导人号召罢工。
+   - *Air traffic controllers are threatening to **go on strike**.* 空中交通管制员威胁要罢工。
+   - *Half the workforce are now **(out) on strike**.* 现在有半数职工罢工。
+   - *to come out on strike* 举行罢工
+   - *The train drivers have voted to **take strike action**.* 火车司机投票表决采取罢工行动。
+   - *The student union has called for a **rent strike*** (= a refusal to pay rent as a protest). 学生会呼吁拒缴房租。
+
+   {% note primary **see also** climate strike, general strike, hunger strike %}
+
+   - climate strike
+
+     - BrE: /ˈklaɪmət straɪk/
+     - NAmE: /ˈklaɪmət straɪk/
+
+     the act of not going to school or work in order to join a public protest to demand action against climate change 气候罢工：为了参加公众抗议而要求采取行动以应对气候变化的不上学或工作的行为
+
+     - *Millions of people around the world joined the climate strike on Friday.* 周五，全世界数百万人加入了气候罢工。
+
+   - general strike
+
+     - BrE: /ˌdʒenrəl ˈstraɪk/
+     - NAmE: /ˌdʒenrəl ˈstraɪk/
+
+     a period of time when most or all of the workers in a country go on strike 总罢工
+
+   - hunger strike
+
+     - BrE: /ˈhʌŋɡə straɪk/
+     - NAmE: /ˈhʌŋɡər straɪk/
+
+     \[countable, uncountable\] the act of refusing to eat for a long period of time in order to protest about something 绝食（抗议）
+
+     - *to **be on/go on hunger strike*** 进行绝食抗议
+
+   {% endnote %}
+
+   {% note primary Extra Examples %}
+
+   - *More train strikes are threatened.* 铁路工人威胁要举行更多罢工。
+   - *The New York transit strike is in its second day.* 纽约公交工人的罢工进入了第二天。
+   - *The army was used to help break the strike.* 当局动用了军队来终止罢工。
+   - *The new government banned strikes.* 新政府禁止罢工。
+   - *The shipyard voted to launch a sympathy strike in support of the machinists.* 造船厂投票决定举行罢工，以声援机械师。
+   - *The strike paralysed the port.* 罢工使港口陷于瘫痪。
+   - *The first wave of strikes began in January.* 第一波罢工始于 1 月份。
+   - *Miners staged a one-day strike in support of the steel workers.* 矿工罢工一天以声援钢铁工人。
+   - *The union held a national strike ballot on the issue.* 工会就这个问题举行了全国罢工投票。
+
+   {% endnote %}
+
+   **Topics** [Working life](https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/topic/working-life?level=b2) **{% label @B2 %}**, [Social issues](https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/topic/social-issues?level=b2) **{% label @B2 %}**
+
+   {% note primary Oxford Collocations Dictionary %}
+
+   - **adjective**
+     - long
+     - short
+     - one-day
+     - …
+   - **… of strikes**
+     - series
+     - wave
+   - **verb + strike**
+     - be on
+     - come out on
+     - go on
+     - …
+   - **strike + verb**
+     - occur
+     - take place
+     - start
+     - …
+   - **strike + noun**
+     - action
+     - threat
+     - ballot
+     - …
+   - **preposition**
+     - during a/the strike
+     - strike against
+     - strike by
+     - …
+
+   - **phrases**
+     - a ballot for a strike
+     - a ballot for strike action
+     - the threat of strikes
+     - …
+
+   {% endnote %}
+
+#### {% label primary@attack 攻击 %}
+
+2. **{% label @B2 %}** a military attack, especially by aircraft dropping bombs 军事进攻；袭击；（尤指）空袭
+
+   - *They decided to launch a **pre-emptive strike**.* 他们决定发动先发制人的攻击。
+   - **strike against somebody/something** *Diplomatic efforts have averted a **military strike** against the country.* 外交努力避免了对该国的军事打击。
+   - *The President ordered **missile strikes** against them in retaliation for the earlier bombing.* 总统下令对他们进行导弹袭击，以报复早些时候的轰炸。
+
+   {% note primary **see also** air strike, first strike %}
+
+   - air strike
+
+     - BrE: /ˈeə straɪk/
+     - NAmE: /ˈer straɪk/
+
+     an attack made by aircraft 空中打击；空袭
+
+   - first strike
+
+     - BrE: /ˌfɜːst ˈstraɪk/
+     - NAmE: /ˌfɜːrst ˈstraɪk/
+
+     an attack on an enemy made before they attack you 先发制人；首先发起攻击
+
+     - *the threat of a strategic first strike* 战略先发制人的威胁
+
+   {% endnote %}
+
+   **Topics** [War and conflict](https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/topic/war-and-conflict?level=b2) **{% label @B2 %}**
+
+   {% note primary Oxford Collocations Dictionary %}
+
+   - **adjective**
+     - air
+     - missile
+     - nuclear
+     - …
+   - **verb + strike**
+     - carry out
+     - launch
+     - make
+     - …
+   - **strike + verb**
+     - force
+     - aircraft
+   - **preposition**
+     - in a/the strike
+     - strike against
+     - strike on
+     - …
+
+   {% endnote %}
+
+#### {% label primary@hitting/kicking 击；踢 %}
+
+3. \[usually singular\] an act of hitting or kicking something/somebody 击；打；踢
+
+   - *His spectacular strike in the second half made the score 2–0.* 他在下半场令人叹为观止的一脚射门把比分改写为 2:0。
+
+   {% note primary **see also** bird strike, lightning %}
+
+   - bird strike
+
+     - BrE: /ˈbɜːd straɪk/
+     - NAmE: /ˈbɜːrd straɪk/
+
+     an occasion when a bird hits an aircraft 鸟撞击飞机事故；鸟击
+
+     - *The aircraft suffered multiple bird strikes immediately after take-off.* 飞机起飞后立即遭到多次鸟撞。
+
+   - lightning
+
+     - BrE: /ˈlaɪtnɪŋ/
+     - NAmE: /ˈlaɪtnɪŋ/
+
+     \[uncountable\] a flash, or several flashes, of very bright light in the sky caused by electricity闪电
+
+     - *a **flash of lightning*** 一道闪电
+     - *a violent storm with **thunder and lightning*** 夹着雷鸣电闪的暴风雨
+     - *He was **struck by lightning** and killed*. 他被闪电击中而死。
+     - ***Lightning strikes** caused scores of fires across the state.* 雷击给整个州造成了多起火灾。
+
+   {% endnote %}
+
+#### {% label primary@in baseball 棒球 %}
+
+4. an unsuccessful attempt to hit the ball 击球未中
+
+   **Topics** [Sports: ball and racket sports](https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/topic/sports-ball-and-racket-sports?level=c2) **{% label @C2 %}**
+
+#### {% label primary@in bowling 保龄球 %}
+
+5. a situation in tenpin bowling when a player knocks down all the pins with the first ball 全中（第一球撞倒全部十柱球）
+
+#### {% label primary@discovery of oil 石油的发现 %}
+
+6. \[usually singular\] a sudden discovery of something valuable, especially oil （珍贵东西的）意外发现；（尤指石油的）发现
+
+   {% note primary Oxford Collocations Dictionary %}
+
+   - **adjective**
+     - air
+     - missile
+     - nuclear
+     - …
+   - **verb + strike**
+     - carry out
+     - launch
+     - make
+     - …
+   - **strike + verb**
+     - force
+     - aircraft
+   - **preposition**
+     - in a/the strike
+     - strike against
+     - strike on
+     - …
+
+   {% endnote %}
+
+#### {% label primary@bad thing/action 坏事；不利的行动 %}
+
+7. **strike (against somebody/something)** (*North American English*) a bad thing or action that damages somebody/something’s reputation （有损声誉的）不利因素，打击
+
+   - *The amount of fuel that this car uses is a big strike against it.* 耗油量大是这辆车的一大缺点。
+
+### Word Origin
+
+Old English *strīcan* ‘go, flow’ and ‘rub lightly’, of West Germanic origin; related to German *streichen* ‘to stroke’, also to **stroke**. The sense ‘deliver a blow’ dates from Middle English.
+
+### Idioms
+
+- **three strikes and you’re out | the three strikes rule**
+
+  used to describe a law that says that people who commit three crimes will go straight to prison 三振出局法（三次犯罪即入狱的法律）
+
+# 惯用法
+
+1. A struck B 是“A 打 B 一下”。A struck *at* B 是“A 做出打 B 的动作（未必打着 B）”。
+
+2. The idea strikes me as (*being*) original 里的 being 可有可无。
+
+3. on strike（罢工）是英美通用的，但在美国往往说 on *a* strike。
+
+# Reference
+
+1. Diana Lea, Jennifer Bradbery. *Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary, 10th edition.* Oxford University Press, 2020.
+
+2. Margaret Deuter, Jennifer Bradbery, Joanna Turnbull. *牛津高阶英汉双解词典，第 9 版.* 商务印书馆, 2018.
+
+3. 葛传槼. *葛传槼英语惯用法词典.* 上海译文出版社, 2012.