new post, oxford-5000-bound
This commit is contained in:
+3
-3
@@ -110,9 +110,9 @@ deploy:
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- type: git
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repo: [email protected]:/home/josh/documents/josh-blog-deploy.git
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branch: master
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- type: git
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repo: [email protected]:/home/josh/documents/josh-blog-deploy.git
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branch: master
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# - type: git
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# repo: [email protected]:/home/josh/documents/josh-blog-deploy.git
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# branch: master
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- type: git
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repo: [email protected]:josh-gao/josh-blog/josh-blog.git
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branch: master
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@@ -312,22 +312,18 @@ date: 2023-04-08 00:04:11
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### Verb Forms
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- present simple I / you / we / they **pitch**
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- BrE: /pɪtʃ/
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- NAmE: /pɪtʃ/
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- he / she / it **pitches**
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- BrE: /ˈpɪtʃɪz/
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- NAmE: /ˈpɪtʃɪz/
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- past simple **pitched**
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- BrE: /pɪtʃt/
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- NAmE: /pɪtʃt/
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- past participle **pitched**
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- BrE: /pɪtʃt/
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- NAmE: /pɪtʃt/
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@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ date: 2023-05-25 23:10:01
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- BrE: /rɪˈzɔːt/
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- NAmE: /rɪˈzɔːrt/
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### Explanation
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## Explanation
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1. **{% label @B2 %}** \[countable\] a place where a lot of people go on holiday 旅游胜地；度假胜地
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@@ -48,45 +48,45 @@ date: 2023-05-25 23:10:01
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- **Holidays/vacations 假期**
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- **have/take** *(British English)* a holiday/*(North American English)* a vacation/a break/a day off/*(British English)* a gap year 休假；短期休假；休一天假；休空缺年假
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- **go on/be on** holiday/vacation/leave/honeymoon/safari/a trip/a tour/a cruise/a pilgrimage 去／在度假／休假／度蜜月／游猎／旅游／观光／乘船游览／朝圣
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- **go** backpacking/camping/hitchhiking/sightseeing 去背包旅行／露营／搭顺风车旅行／观光游览
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- **plan** a trip/a holiday/a vacation/your itinerary 计划旅行／假期／行程
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- **book** accommodation/a hotel room/a flight/tickets 预订住宿／酒店房间／航班／票
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- **go on/be on** holiday/vacation/leave/honeymoon/safari/a trip/a tour/a cruise/a pilgrimage 去/在度假/休假/度蜜月/游猎/旅游/观光/乘船游览/朝圣
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- **go** backpacking/camping/hitchhiking/sightseeing 去背包旅行/露营/搭顺风车旅行/观光游览
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- **plan** a trip/a holiday/a vacation/your itinerary 计划旅行/假期/行程
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- **book** accommodation/a hotel room/a flight/tickets 预订住宿/酒店房间/航班/票
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- **have/make/cancel** a reservation/(*especially British English)* booking 预订；取消预订
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- **rent** a villa/*(both British English)* a holiday home/a holiday cottage 租一座度假别墅／一个度假住所／一座度假小别墅
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- *(especially British English)* **hire/** *(especially North American English)* **rent** a car/bicycle/moped 租借一辆汽车／自行车／摩托自行车
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- **stay in** a hotel/a bed and breakfast/a youth hostel/a villa/*(both British English)* a holiday home/a caravan 住在酒店／提供住宿和早餐的旅馆／青年旅舍／度假别墅／度假住所／旅行拖车里
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- **cost/charge $100 a/per night for** a single/double/twin/standard/*(British English)* en suite room 单人房／双人房／标间／套房一晚花费／要价 100 美元
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- **check into/out of** a hotel/a motel/your room 入住／结账离开酒店／汽车旅馆／房间
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- **pack/unpack** your suitcase/bags 把东西装进手提箱／旅行包；取出手提箱／旅行包里的东西
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- **call/order** room service 打电话叫／叫客房服务
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- **cancel/cut short** a trip/holiday/vacation 取消／缩短旅程／假期
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- **rent** a villa/*(both British English)* a holiday home/a holiday cottage 租一座度假别墅/一个度假住所/一座度假小别墅
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- *(especially British English)* **hire/** *(especially North American English)* **rent** a car/bicycle/moped 租借一辆汽车/自行车/摩托自行车
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- **stay in** a hotel/a bed and breakfast/a youth hostel/a villa/*(both British English)* a holiday home/a caravan 住在酒店/提供住宿和早餐的旅馆/青年旅舍/度假别墅/度假住所/旅行拖车里
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- **cost/charge $100 a/per night for** a single/double/twin/standard/*(British English)* en suite room 单人房/双人房/标间/套房一晚花费/要价 100 美元
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- **check into/out of** a hotel/a motel/your room 入住/结账离开酒店/汽车旅馆/房间
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- **pack/unpack** your suitcase/bags 把东西装进手提箱/旅行包；取出手提箱/旅行包里的东西
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- **call/order** room service 打电话叫/叫客房服务
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- **cancel/cut short** a trip/holiday/vacation 取消/缩短旅程/假期
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- **Foreign travel 出国旅行**
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- **apply for/get/renew** a/your passport 申请／拿到／续签护照
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- **take out/buy/get** travel insurance 获得／购买／取得旅游保险
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- **catch/miss** your plane/train/ferry/connecting flight 赶上／错过飞机／火车／渡船／转乘航班
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- **fly (in)/travel in** business/economy class 乘坐商务／经济舱飞行／旅行
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- **make/have** a brief/two-day/twelve-hour stopover/*(North American English also)* layover in Hong Kong 在香港作短暂的／两天的／十二小时的中途停留
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- **experience/cause/lead** to delays 遇上／引起／导致延误
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- **check (in)/collect/get/lose** (your) *(especially British English)* luggage/*(especially North American English)* baggage 托运／取／弄丢行李
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- **be charged for/pay** excess baggage 被收取／支付超重行李费
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- **board/get on/leave/get off** the aircraft/plane/ship/ferry 上／下飞机／船／渡船
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- **taxi down/leave/approach/hit/overshoot** the runway 在跑道上滑行；离开／接近／降落在／冲出跑道
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- **apply for/get/renew** a/your passport 申请/拿到/续签护照
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- **take out/buy/get** travel insurance 获得/购买/取得旅游保险
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- **catch/miss** your plane/train/ferry/connecting flight 赶上/错过飞机/火车/渡船/转乘航班
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- **fly (in)/travel in** business/economy class 乘坐商务/经济舱飞行/旅行
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- **make/have** a brief/two-day/twelve-hour stopover/*(North American English also)* layover in Hong Kong 在香港作短暂的/两天的/十二小时的中途停留
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- **experience/cause/lead** to delays 遇上/引起/导致延误
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- **check (in)/collect/get/lose** (your) *(especially British English)* luggage/*(especially North American English)* baggage 托运/取/弄丢行李
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- **be charged for/pay** excess baggage 被收取/支付超重行李费
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- **board/get on/leave/get off** the aircraft/plane/ship/ferry 上/下飞机/船/渡船
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- **taxi down/leave/approach/hit/overshoot** the runway 在跑道上滑行；离开/接近/降落在/冲出跑道
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- **experience/hit/encounter** severe turbulence 遇到强烈的气流
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- **suffer from/recover from/get over** your jet lag/travel sickness 遭受时差反应／晕车；从时差反应／晕车恢复过来；克服时差反应／晕车
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- **suffer from/recover from/get over** your jet lag/travel sickness 遭受时差反应/晕车；从时差反应/晕车恢复过来；克服时差反应/晕车
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- **The tourist industry 旅游业**
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- **attract/draw/bring** tourists/visitors 吸引游客
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- **encourage/promote/hurt** tourism 鼓励／促进／损害旅游业
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- **promote/develop** ecotourism 促进／发展生态旅游
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- **build/develop/visit** a tourist/holiday/*(especially British English)* seaside/beach/ski resort 建立／开发／参观旅游／假日／海滨／海滩／滑雪胜地
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- **encourage/promote/hurt** tourism 鼓励/促进/损害旅游业
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- **promote/develop** ecotourism 促进/发展生态旅游
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- **build/develop/visit** a tourist/holiday/*(especially British English)* seaside/beach/ski resort 建立/开发/参观旅游/假日/海滨/海滩/滑雪胜地
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- **work for/be operated by** a major hotel chain 就职于一家大型连锁酒店；由一家大型连锁酒店经营
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- **be served by/compete with** low-cost/*(especially North American English)* low-fare/budget airlines 由廉价航空公司提供服务；与廉价航空公司竞争
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- **book something through/make a booking through/use** a travel agent 通过旅行社预订；经旅行社代办
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- **contact/check with** your travel agent/tour operator 联系旅行社；向旅行社咨询
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- **book/be on/go on** a package deal/holiday/tour 预订／进行／去包价旅游
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- **buy/bring back** (tacky/overpriced) souvenirs 购买／带回（低劣的／定价过高的）纪念品
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- **book/be on/go on** a package deal/holiday/tour 预订/进行/去包价旅游
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- **buy/bring back** (tacky/overpriced) souvenirs 购买/带回（低劣的/定价过高的）纪念品
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{% endnote %}
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@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ date: 2023-05-25 23:10:01
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- *Strike action should be regarded as a last resort, when all attempts to negotiate have failed.* 罢工应该是最后一着，在所有的谈判努力都告失败时才使用。
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- *In the last resort (= in the end) everyone must decide for themselves.* 最后人人都得自己作决定。
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### Word Origin
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## Word Origin
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late Middle English (denoting something one can turn to for assistance): from Old French *resortir*, from *re-* ‘again’ + *sortir* ‘come or go out’. The sense ‘place frequently visited’ dates from the mid 18th cent.
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@@ -0,0 +1,334 @@
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---
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title: bound
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mathjax: false
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comments: true
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copyright: true
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toc:
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enable: true
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number: false
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wrap: true
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expand_all: true
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max_depth: 3
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tags:
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- 牛津5000
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- 英语词汇
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categories:
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- 英语学习
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abbrlink: a50e7db6
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date: 2023-06-01 10:54:03
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---
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# Adjective
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**see also [bind][]**
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## Pronunciation
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- BrE: /baʊnd/
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- NAmE: /baʊnd/
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## Explanation
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\[not before noun\]
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1. **{% label @B2 %}** **bound to do/be something** certain or likely to happen, or to do or be something一定会；很可能会
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- *There are bound to be changes when the new system is introduced.* 引进新系统后一定会发生变化。
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- *It's bound to be sunny again tomorrow.* 明天肯定又是阳光灿烂。
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- *You've done so much work—you're bound to pass the exam.* 你下了这么大功夫，考试准能及格。
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- *It was bound to happen sooner or later* (= we should have expected it). 这事迟早都是要发生的。
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- *These problems were almost bound to arise.* 这些问题几乎注定了会出现。
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- *You're bound to be nervous the first time* (= it's easy to understand). 第一次总是会紧张的。
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<!-- more -->
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{% note primary Synonyms **certain**%}
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bound | sure | definite | guaranteed
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These are all words describing something that will definitely happen or is definitely true.
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- **certain** that you can rely on to happen or be true:
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- *It’s certain that they will agree.* 他们肯定会同意。
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- *They are certain to agree.* 他们肯定会同意。
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- **bound** \[not before noun\] certain to happen, or to do or be something. 指肯定会、一定会
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> Bound is **only used in the phrase** *bound to do/be, etc.*:
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>
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> - *You’ve done so much work—you’re bound to pass the exam.*
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> - *There are bound to be changes when the new system is introduced.*
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- **sure** certain to happen or be true; that can be trusted or relied on:
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- *She’s sure to be picked for the team.* 她肯定会入选该队。
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- *It’s sure to rain.* 必定会下雨。
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- **definite** (*rather informal*) certain to happen; that is not going to change:指必将发生、不会改变：
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- *Is it definite that he’s leaving?* 他肯定要离开吗？
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- **strike** (*formal*) to hit somebody/something hard: 指猛烈地撞、碰、撞击、碰撞：
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- *The ship struck a rock.* 船触礁了。
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- **guaranteed** certain to have a particular result:
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- *That kind of behaviour is guaranteed to make him angry.* 那样的行为肯定会让他生气。
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- Patterns
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- certain/sure **of** something
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- certain/bound/sure/guaranteed **to do something**
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- certain/definite **that…**
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- I **couldn’t say for** certain/sure/definite.
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{% endnote %}
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**Topics** [Doubt, guessing and certainty B2][] **{% label @B2 %}**
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{% note primary Oxford Collocations Dictionary %}
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- **verbs**
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- be
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- seem
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- **adverb**
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- almost
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{% endnote %}
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2. **{% label @C1 %}** forced to do something by law, duty or a particular situation 受（法律、义务或情况）约束（必须做某事）；有义务（做某事）
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- **bound by something** *We are not bound by the decision.* 我们不受该决定的约束。
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- *You are bound by the contract to pay before the end of the month.* 按照合同规定，你必须在月底前付款。
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- **bound (by something) to do something** (*formal*) *I am **bound to say** I disagree with you on this point.* 我觉得有必要指出，在这一点上我不同意你的观点。
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- *They are legally bound to appear in court.* 他们依法必须出庭。
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{% note primary Extra Examples %}
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- *He was legally bound to report them to the authorities.* 他有法律义务将这些报告给当局。
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- *Officials are bound by law to investigate any possible fraud.* 法律规定官员有义务调查任何可能的欺诈行为。
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- *The country will not **be held bound** by a treaty signed by the previous regime.* 国家不会为前政权签署的条约所束缚。
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- *The president said the country could not be held bound by a treaty signed by the previous regime.* 总统说，国家不应为前政权签署的条约所束缚。
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- *We are legally bound by this decision.* 我们在法律上受这一决定的束缚。
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||||
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{% endnote %}
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||||
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||||
{% note primary Oxford Collocations Dictionary %}
|
||||
|
||||
- **verbs**
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||||
- be
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- feel
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- become
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- …
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- **adverb**
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- absolutely
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||||
- irrevocably
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||||
- by law
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||||
- …
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||||
- **preposition**
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||||
- by
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||||
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||||
{% endnote %}
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3. (in compounds) prevented from going somewhere or from working normally by the conditions mentioned 因…受阻（或不能正常工作）
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- *Strike-bound travellers face long delays.* 因罢工滞留的旅客要耽搁很长时间。
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- *fogbound airports* 因雾不能正常作业的机场
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{% note primary Oxford Collocations Dictionary %}
|
||||
|
||||
- **verbs**
|
||||
- be
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||||
- **adverb**
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||||
- homeward
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- outward
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- **preposition**
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- for
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{% endnote %}
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4. (also in compounds) travelling, or ready to travel, in a particular direction or to a particular place 正旅行去（某地）；准备前往（某地）
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- *homeward bound* (= going home) 在回家途中
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- *Paris-bound* 前往巴黎的
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- ***northbound/southbound/eastbound/westbound*** 向北／向南／向东／向西行进的
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- **bound for…** *a plane bound for Dublin* 开往都柏林的飞机
|
||||
- *tourists who are bound for Europe* 前往欧洲的游客
|
||||
- *college-bound high school students* 上大学的高中生
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|
||||
{% note primary Oxford Collocations Dictionary %}
|
||||
|
||||
- **verbs**
|
||||
- be
|
||||
- **adverb**
|
||||
- homeward
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||||
- outward
|
||||
- **preposition**
|
||||
- for
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||||
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||||
{% endnote %}
|
||||
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||||
## Word Origin
|
||||
|
||||
*adjective* sense 4 Middle English *boun* (in the sense ‘ready, dressed’), from Old Norse *búinn*, past participle of *búa* ‘get ready’; the final *-d* is euphonic, or influenced by other adjective senses of **bound**.
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||||
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||||
## Idioms
|
||||
|
||||
1. **be bound together by/in something**
|
||||
|
||||
to be closely connected 因…（或在…方面）密切联系
|
||||
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- *communities bound together by customs and traditions* 因习俗和传统而结合在一起的社区
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||||
|
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2. **be bound up in something**
|
||||
|
||||
very busy with something; very interested or involved in something 忙于某事；热衷于某事
|
||||
|
||||
- *He's too bound up in his work to have much time for his children.* 他工作太忙，没有很多时间陪孩子们。
|
||||
|
||||
3. **bound and determined**
|
||||
|
||||
(*North American English*) very determined to do something矢志不渝；下定决心
|
||||
|
||||
- *I came here bound and determined to put the last 12 months behind me.* 我来到这里，下定决心把过去的12个月抛在脑后。
|
||||
|
||||
4. **bound up with something**
|
||||
|
||||
closely connected with something 和某事密切相关
|
||||
|
||||
- *From that moment my life became inextricably bound up with hers.* 从那一刻起，我的一生就和她结下不解之缘。
|
||||
|
||||
5. **(feel) honour-bound to do something**
|
||||
|
||||
(*formal*) to feel that you must do something because of your sense of moral duty （感到）道义上应做某事
|
||||
|
||||
- *She felt honour-bound to attend as she had promised to.* 她觉得既然答应了就应该出席。
|
||||
- *He felt honour bound to help her.* 他觉得在道义上应该帮助她。
|
||||
|
||||
{% note primary **compare** duty-bound %}
|
||||
|
||||
\[not before noun\] (*formal*) having to do something because it is your duty 责无旁贷；义不容辞
|
||||
|
||||
{% endnote %}
|
||||
|
||||
**Topics** [Permission and obligation][] **{% label @C2 %}**
|
||||
|
||||
6. **I’ll be bound**
|
||||
|
||||
(*old-fashioned, British English, informal*) I feel sure我敢肯定
|
||||
|
||||
- They’re up to some mischief, I’ll be bound!我敢肯定，他们在搞恶作剧！
|
||||
|
||||
**Topics** [Doubt, guessing and certainty C2][] **{% label @C2 %}**
|
||||
|
||||
# Verb
|
||||
|
||||
**see also [bind][]**
|
||||
|
||||
## Pronunciation
|
||||
|
||||
- BrE: /baʊnd/
|
||||
- NAmE: /baʊnd/
|
||||
|
||||
## Verb Forms
|
||||
|
||||
- present simple I / you / we / they bound
|
||||
- BrE: /baʊnd/
|
||||
- NAmE: /baʊnd/
|
||||
|
||||
- he / she / it bounds
|
||||
- BrE: /baʊndz/
|
||||
- NAmE: /baʊndz/
|
||||
|
||||
- past simple bounded
|
||||
- BrE: /ˈbaʊndɪd/
|
||||
- NAmE: /ˈbaʊndɪd/
|
||||
|
||||
- past participle bounded
|
||||
- BrE: /ˈbaʊndɪd/
|
||||
- NAmE: /ˈbaʊndɪd/
|
||||
|
||||
- -ing form bounding
|
||||
- BrE: /ˈbaʊndɪŋ/
|
||||
- NAmE: /ˈbaʊndɪŋ/
|
||||
|
||||
## Explanation
|
||||
|
||||
1. \[transitive\] **+ adv./prep.** to run with long steps, especially in an enthusiastic way 跳跃着跑
|
||||
|
||||
- *The dogs bounded ahead.* 那些狗在前面蹦蹦跳跳地跑。
|
||||
|
||||
{% note primary Extra Examples %}
|
||||
|
||||
- *He bounded back to meet us.* 他跳回来迎接我们。
|
||||
- *Louis came bounding down the stairs.* 路易斯蹦蹦跳跳地下了楼
|
||||
- *The dog bounded up to him.* 那只狗向他扑来。
|
||||
- *A man bounded up to her and shook her hand.* 一个男人跳到她面前和她握手。
|
||||
- *He braked sharply as a deer bounded across the road.* 当一只鹿飞奔过马路时，他猛地刹车。
|
||||
|
||||
{% endnote %}
|
||||
|
||||
2. \[transitive, usually passive\] (*formal*) to form the edge or limit of an area 形成…的边界（或界限）
|
||||
|
||||
- **be bounded by something** *The field was bounded on the left by a wood.* 那片地左边依傍着一片树林。
|
||||
|
||||
## Word Origin
|
||||
|
||||
*verb* sense 1 early 16th cent. (as a noun): from French *bond* (noun), *bondir* (verb) ‘resound’, later ‘rebound’, from late Latin *bombitare*, from Latin *bombus* ‘humming’. *verb* sense 2 Middle English (in the senses ‘landmark’ and ‘borderland’): from Old French *bodne*, from medieval Latin *bodina*, earlier *butina*, of unknown ultimate origin.
|
||||
|
||||
# Noun
|
||||
|
||||
**see also [bind][]**
|
||||
|
||||
## Pronunciation
|
||||
|
||||
- BrE: /baʊnd/
|
||||
- NAmE: /baʊnd/
|
||||
|
||||
## Explanation
|
||||
|
||||
1. a high or long jump 蹦跳；跳跃
|
||||
|
||||
- *The dog cleared the gate in one bound.* 那狗一跳就越过了栅门。
|
||||
|
||||
{% note primary **see also** bounds %}
|
||||
|
||||
- BrE: /baʊndz/
|
||||
- NAmE: /baʊndz/
|
||||
|
||||
\[plural\]
|
||||
|
||||
the accepted or furthest limits of something 限制范围；极限
|
||||
|
||||
- ***beyond/outside/within the bounds of** decency* 没体统；有体统
|
||||
- *I am afraid your behaviour was beyond the bounds of decency.* 恐怕你的行为超出了体面的范围。
|
||||
- *Public spending must be kept within reasonable bounds.* 公共开支必须控制在合理的范围内。
|
||||
- *It was not **beyond the bounds of possibility** that they would meet again one day.* 他们有一天会再度相遇，这不是没有可能。
|
||||
- *His enthusiasm **knew no bounds*** (= was very great). 他有无限热情。
|
||||
|
||||
{% endnote %}
|
||||
|
||||
## Word Origin
|
||||
|
||||
noun early 16th cent. (as a noun): from French *bond* (noun), *bondir* (verb) ‘resound’, later ‘rebound’, from late Latin *bombitare*, from Latin *bombus* ‘humming’.
|
||||
|
||||
## Idioms
|
||||
|
||||
1. **by/in leaps and bounds**
|
||||
|
||||
very quickly; in large amounts 非常迅速；飞跃地；突飞猛进；大量地
|
||||
|
||||
- *Her health has improved in leaps and bounds.* 她的健康已迅速好转。
|
||||
- *His technique has come on in leaps and bounds this season.* 这个赛季他的技术突飞猛进。
|
||||
|
||||
# 惯用法
|
||||
|
||||
bound 后面接不定式从前在英国作“将不得不……”解，在美国作“决意……”解，如 He is bound to come 在英国是“他将不得不来”，在美国是“他决意来”。但现在似乎在英美通常都作“一定将……”解，如 It is bound to rain 是“肯定会下雨”。
|
||||
|
||||
# Reference
|
||||
|
||||
1. Diana Lea, Jennifer Bradbery. *Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary, 10th edition.* Oxford University Press, 2020.
|
||||
|
||||
2. Margaret Deuter, Jennifer Bradbery, Joanna Turnbull. *牛津高阶英汉双解词典，第 9 版.* 商务印书馆, 2018.
|
||||
|
||||
3. 葛传槼. *葛传槼英语惯用法词典.* 上海译文出版社, 2012.
|
||||
|
||||
[bind]: https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/bind_1
|
||||
[Doubt, guessing and certainty B2]: https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/topic/doubt-guessing-and-certainty?level=b2
|
||||
[Permission and obligation]: https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/topic/permission-and-obligation?level=c2
|
||||
[Doubt, guessing and certainty C2]: https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/topic/doubt-guessing-and-certainty?level=c2
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user